Knowledge Management Systems

Question: Write an essay on Knowledge Management Systems. Answer: Introduction The paper ideally aims to focus on different knowledge management tools and also aims to reflect on a knowledge management model. The paper thereby focuses on the applicability of the knowledge management tools and the knowledge management model in a case study reflecting on a specific business institution. Empirical discussions based on the study of books and the case study report would be carried out for helping in conducting of needed analysis. KM Tools and Techniques Different types of KM Tools and Techniques both information and non-information technology based is discussed as follows. Non-information technology Knowledge Management (KM) methods are like brainstorming, storytelling, collaborative physical practice, peer assist and after action review. The Information Technology KM methods and practices are like blogs, virtual workplaces, knowledge clusters, VOIP mechanism and social network platforms. The KM Tools and Techniques both in the non-information and information aspects are discussed as follows. Brainstorming is identified as an effective KM Tool in that it encourages a group of people to come together for generation of new ideas and concepts. The Brainstorming tool is divided into two main parts like divergence and convergence. The divergence aspect reflects that the participants delay in generating judgements regarding the validity of the ideas generated while in convergence the participants do not delay in generating positive judgements about the ideas. The Peer Assistance relates to the gaining of assistance of peers and other subject experts pertaining to an issue faced by the people involved in the organisation or in the workplace. Another effective KM tool is regarded as the After Action Review (AAR). The AAR focuses on conducting an evaluation or review of the actions or process conducted by a team. The AAR effectively contributes in conducting an honest evaluation of a project or task activity conducted by a group of individuals. Storytelling is also identified as a n effective KM tool that encourages the participants to use different words, phrases and also different types of imagery and sounds to elucidate and relate a happening or an event(Rao, 2012). Finally, Collaborative Physical Practice is identified as a KM Tool that is generated based on the work done in an office or any other workplace by people operating in a collaborative fashion. The collaborative work practices contribute in the sharing of ideas and concepts that in turn help in the emergence of new notions and ideas(Groff Jones, 2012). Blog is identified as an effective Information Technology based KM method that encourages the people make online journal entries relating to the use of texts, pictures, videos and other sound effects and files. A combination of different textual, picture, sound and multimedia files contribute in the reflection of knowledge in a composite fashion. Similarly, the social networking platforms are also used by internal people for sharing of effective information among a community. The same contributes in sharing of effective information within a group and also contributes in generation of new ideas and concepts based on online discussions. Further, the use of the Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) mechanism is also identified as an information technology based KM tool that contributes in the sharing of multimedia files over the internet medium. The use of video conferencing tools contributes in the generation of effective discussion and interactivity between groups of people dwelling acr oss different regions. Knowledge Cluster is identified as a cluster of people that contributes in the generation of new knowledge, concepts and creativity and other types of innovative ideas and concepts. The knowledge cluster is formed based on the development of virtual groups that contribute in development of effective communication and collaboration on the virtual and online platform(Dalkir, 2013). The development of knowledge clusters ideally help in the development of new learning and sharing of effective information between the online participants. Finally, the virtual or the collaborative workplaces are observed to be grouped by people that help in the formation of discussions and also sharing of needed information that contribute in the development of virtual and online conferences(Leondes, 2010). About Celemi AB Celemi International AB or Celemi AB is identified as a medium sized consulting organisation that contributes in generating guidelines relating to change management in different business institutions. Celemi AB operates based on a total of 80 employees generating change management consulting to different multinational organisations. The company conducts its operations from its different headquarters based in Sweden (Stockholm), Brugges based in Belgium, Guildford based in United Kingdom, Melbourne based in Australia, Espoo based in Finland and Simsbury and Chicago based in United States(Heisig Runeson, 2001). Application of KM Tools and Techniques The evaluation of the applicability of KM Tools and Techniques related to the functioning of Celemi AB reflects the use of non-information technology based KM tool like Peer Assistance. Peer Assistance is generated by Klas Mellander based on the development of Power of Learning. Centre for active learning methods contribute in guiding the communication activities between the different departments and strategic business units of the organisation. Different types of knowledge management tools like decision base, livon, celesta and tango are created by the business institution to help in serving the knowledge management needs of different client companies(Heisig Runeson, 2001). Moreover, the existence of an open corporate culture in Celemi AB further encourages the development of collaborative physical practice such that the managers and employees focus on getting involved in Monday meetings along the different branches for carrying out effective discussions regarding work and manageme nt issues and also in the generation of novel, innovative and creative ideas to conduct the day-to-day activities of the business institution. Further, the use of internet based knowledge management tools can also be observed related to Celemi AB in that intranet based tools are incorporated by the organisation to encourage the development of virtual knowledge clusters. The internal people based on the use of the intranet model tend to focus on the sharing of ideas and experiences and also in developing on their knowledge potentials to generate greater organisational productivity and efficiency(Heisig Runeson, 2001). Elucidation of the KM Model The knowledge management model chosen for the research activity is the Task Based Management Model. The Task Based Management Model associated with Knowledge Management is reflected as follows. (Abramowicz Orlowska, 2012) The above model is ideally reflected as a closed model of Knowledge Management. The above model depicts the development of knowledge along three main levels reflected in the figure. The Task Based Knowledge Management (TBKM) model is also observed to satisfy the Intelligent Decision Support (IDS) model such that it reflects on the development of knowledge resources based on the use of knowledge processes and also supported by the diverse knowledge structures. The model reflects that learning or knowledge gain occurs along the three different levels that are represented by individual, social and organisational communities and also learning and growth within an organisation(Holsapple, 2013). Further learning is also developed based on the social and cognitive processes that occur along the three different levels. The task based knowledge model from the individual perspective reflects on the personal knowledge gained by individuals to perform tasks set within specific tasks and margins. The above level owing to its personalised approach is identified as the micro or private part of the TBKM model. Further, the knowledge or learning developed and gained by different individuals are subjected to discussions and debates in the social and community framework. It reflects the emergence of the meso level framework that tends to develop a bridge between personal and the public platform. Relating to the organisational level the knowledge development is generated based on the level of consensual framework rather than depending on organisational hierarchies. The impact of knowledge processes contributes in generation of influences along the different levels in the organisation(Abramowicz Orlowska, 2012). Application of the KM Model The application of the Task Based Knowledge Management (TBKM) model is effectively understood regarding the case of Celemi AB. The multinational change management consultancy organisation is observed to continually focus on the development of learning along three different levels, personal, social or from consumer point of views and finally from the viewpoint of the organisation. From the individual point of view the organisation focuses on the incorporation of an effective coach and experienced person that contributes in generation of knowledge and skills to the consumers thereby helping in the enhancement of skill and productivity base of the individual employees. The enhancement of the skills and potentials of the employees ideally contributes in generating greater value to the customers. The learning gained by the internal people along the different levels and departments are transferred to the customers based on the generation of effective and potential information. The generati on of quality information to the customers contributes in helping the latter take potential decisions relating to change management. From the aspect of the organisation, Celemi AB the existence of effective systems, processes and also the existence of needed potentials to generate innovative, creative and novel products with also the right quality and pattern of management style ideally contribute in the enhancement of internal productivity and value efficiency for the organisation(Heisig Runeson, 2001). The intangible asset base of the consultancy organisation is thus identified along the following three parameters like the internal people, the final consumers and also the internal business and organisational competencies. The competency growth of the managers and employees in the multinational consultancy institution is evaluated based on the level of new business and marketing strategies developed by the managers while for the staffs it relates to the selection of the right clie nt base that would help in enhancing the revenue potential of the business institution. Further, the generation of effective and quality consultancy services provided by the staffs in Celemi AB rightly contribute in enhancement of the level of customer satisfaction for the consultancy firm(Heisig Runeson, 2001). Conclusion The discussion carried out in the above task ideally reflects on the different knowledge management related tools and techniques both associated with the information technology and non-information technology aspects. It also discusses a specific knowledge management model like the Task Based Knowledge Management or TBKM Model wherein it reflects on the knowledge development and learning based along three different aspects like employees, customers and organisation as a whole. The applicability of the knowledge management models and tools in the organisation, Celemi AB reflects that knowledge development is carried out in the organisation based on the use of guidance generated by peers and other senior members involved in the different departments in the organisation. Similarly, the aspect of collaborative physical practice and also the development of virtual clusters based on the use of non-information technology and information technology related knowledge management tools respectiv ely is also applied in the organisation for enhancement of personnel and organisational productivity. The application of the TBKM Model in the organisation is ideally reflected along the three different phases like the development of the productivity and efficiency potential of the employees, the enhancement of customer satisfaction related to the gaining of effective change management guidelines and consults and finally associated with the value enhancement for the organisation as whole. References Abramowicz, W. Orlowska, M.E., 2012. BIS 2000: 4th International Conference on Business Information Systems, Pozna?, Poland, 1213 April 2000. United Kingdom : Springer Science Business Media. Dalkir, K., 2013. Knowledge Management in Theory and Practice. New York : Routledge. Groff, T. Jones, T., 2012. Introduction to Knowledge Management. New York : Routledge. Heisig, P. Runeson, J., 2001. Measuring Intangible Assets for Sustainable Business Growth - Celemi AB, Medium-Sized and Fast Growing. In Knowledge Management. Germany: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Holsapple, C., 2013. Handbook on Knowledge Management 1: Knowledge Matters. United Kingdom : Springer Science Business Media. Leondes, C.T., 2010. Intelligent Knowledge-Based Systems: Business and Technology in the New Millennium. United Kingdom: Springer Science Business Media. Rao, M., 2012. Knowledge Management Tools and Techniques. New York : Routledge.

The Greeks Vs. Their Gods In Hippolytus Essay Example For Students

The Greeks Vs. Their Gods In Hippolytus Essay The play Hippolytus by the Greek playwright Euripides is one whichexplores classical Greek religion. Throughout the play, the influenceof the gods on the actions of the characters is evident, especially whenAphrodite affects the actions of Phaedra. Also central to the plot isthe god-god interactions between Artemis and Aphrodite. In this essay,I hope to provide answers to how the actions of Hippolytus and Phaedrarelate to the gods, whether or not the characters concern themselveswith the reaction of the gods to their behavior, what the charactersexpect from the gods, how the gods treat the humans, and whether or notthe gods gain anything from making the humans suffer. We will write a custom essay on The Greeks Vs. Their Gods In Hippolytus specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Before we can discuss the play, however, a few terms need to bedefined. Most important would be the nature of the gods. They havedivine powers, but what exactly makes the Greek gods unique should beexplored. The Greek gods, since they are anthropomorphic, have many ofthe same characteristics as humans. One characteristic of the godswhich is apparent is jealousy. Aphrodite seems to be jealous of Artemisbecause Hippolytus worships Artemis as the greatest of all gods, whilehe tends to shy away from worshipping Aphrodite (10-16). This isimportant because it sets in motion the actions of the play whenAphrodite decides to get revenge on Hippolytus. The divine relationshipbetween the gods is a bit different, however. Over the course of theplay, Artemis does not interfere in the actions of Aphrodite, whichshows that the gods, while divine, do have restrictions; in this case,it shows the gods cannot interfere with each other. (1328-1330) Thegods are sometimes evil and revengeful, though, as c an seen by whatArtemis has to say about Aphrodite: Ill wait till she loves a mortalnext time, and with this hand with these unerring arrows Ill punishhim. (1420-1422)The relationship of mankind and the gods also needs to be discussed. This relationship seems to be a sort of give-and-take relationship, inpart. The Greeks believed that if they gave to the gods, through prayerand sacrifices, that the gods would help them out. This is especiallytrue of Hippolytus and his almost excessive worship of Artemis. Also,Theseus praying to his father Poseidon is another example of this, onlyTheseus actually gets what he prays for. (887-890) Just becausemankind worshipped the gods, however did not mean that the gods had anysort of obligation to help out the humans. Artemis did nothing toprotect Hippolytus from being killed. But not all relations between thegods and mankind were positive from the humans standpoint. SinceAphrodite is angry with Hippolytus for not worshipping her, she decidesto pun ish him by making Phaedra love him, then making it seem that herapes her, when she actually hangs herself, whether that is through herown actions or is the doing of Aphrodite. The thoughts and actions of Hippolytus and Phaedra certainly areirrational at times. After all, a stepmother falling in love with herstepson is unlikely, but probably even less acceptable. This isdirectly related to the gods. What Aphrodite does to Phaedra certainlycauses her to do some strange things. For instance, first Phaedra seemsto go crazy, and then she decides to hide her new-found love forHippolytus from the nurse. Later, though, she decides to tell thenurse, and when she finds that the nurse has told Hippolytus, decidesthat the only logical course of action is to kill herself. This actionis certainly related to the gods because Aphrodite makes it look as ifPhaedras suicide is really the fault of Hippolytus. Some ofHippolytus actions are related to the gods as well. When Theseusdiscovers that Phaedra is dead and decides to exile Hippolytus,Hippolytus does object to his banishment, but eventually he stopsarguing with his father. At this point, he prays to the gods that he bek illed in exile if he is guilty of the death of Phaedra. It is alsopossible he may be expecting Artemis to help him out, though she doesnothing until he is on the verge of death. The characters do worry about how the gods react to them at times. Hippolytus does not seem to concern himself much with how Aphroditereacts to his behavior. At the beginning of the play, the old manquestions Hippolytus decision not to worship Aphrodite, but Hippolytusreally does not worry that he may be making Aphrodite angry. He doescare how Artemis reacts, however, because he is hoping to keep her happyso that she may help him out if he should need it. Theseus certainlyconcerns himself with how the gods react, since he needs Poseidon tosend a bull to go kill his son. At the end of the play he does carewhat Artemis has to say about him killing his son. He believes that heshould be the one to die, though Artemis is able to convince him that hewas fooled by the gods. Phaedra, on the other hand, really is in noposition to care much about how the gods react to what she does. Thisis because she is under the control of Aphrodite. Aphrodite makes herlove Hippolytus, it certainly is not of her own free will. .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 , .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 .postImageUrl , .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 , .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697:hover , .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697:visited , .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697:active { border:0!important; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697:active , .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697 .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u57553ea4946d782d28e2bdaa1f2b2697:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Destruction Of The Rain Forest EssayAs far as what the characters expect from their gods, it varies byperson. Theseus, being the son of Poseidon, was supposedly given threecurses by his father, and he expects Poseidon to help him out and killHippolytus. (887-889) Hippolytus never really expects anything specificfrom Artemis during the play, but he does tell the gods that he shoulddie in exile if he is guilty of the rape of Phaedra. Even as he isdying , he does not expect Artemis to help him. Interestingly, he evenapologizes to his father and to Artemis for causing them to sufferbecause of his death. Phaedra wishes that her judgment had not beinterfered with by the Aphrodit e, because she is the one who causedPhaedra to fall in love with Hippolytus. The gods treat human beings more or less as pawns to do with as theyplease. It seems like it is all a game to them. In Hippolytus, it isgame of revenge between Aphrodite and Artemis. Aphrodite interferes inthe life of Hippolytus, someone loved by Artemis, then Artemis vows totake revenge on Aphrodite to avenge the death of Hippolytus. Despitethe fact that he worships her above all others, she still does not helphim out throughout the entire play. This indicates that Artemis may notcare for him as much as we are led to believe. She says she would takerevenge, but there is no guarantee it will happen. From this, we cansee that the gods often did not treat the humans very well. In a way,Poseidon treats Theseus well by granting his wish for the death ofHippolytus. This joy is short-lived, however, when he discovers that hehas been fooled by the tricks of Aphrodite. Why the gods would treatthe humans this way is a somewhat complicated question. An easy answerwould be that they have the po wer to do to the humans what the please. But there are other reasons as well. For instance, the theme of revengeplays a major role in the plot. The actions of Aphrodite againstHippolytus are motivated by revenge. The gods, at least in Hippolytus,are not malicious and wanting humans to suffer for no good reason. Therefore, the most important reason for gods treating humans the waythey do is that they are reacting to the actions of humans; this isespecially true of Aphrodites reaction to Hippolytuss failure toworship her. The gods must derive something from the suffering of the humans;otherwise there is no point in making them suffer. In this case, thegods derive both sorrow and joy from the suffering of the characters. Aphrodite certainly is happy that Hippolytus suffered and died throughher own actions, and that she causes Theseus to suffer as well by takinghis son away. On the other hand, she probably does not care much thatshe also caused the death of Phaedra. Phaedra only serves as a pawn toget revenge on Hippolytus. Aphrodite only cares to punish Hippolytus,and she would have used Phaedra in whatever capacity necessary to getthat revenge. Artemis, however, is saddened by the loss of Hippolytus:You and I are the chief sufferers Theseus. (1337) Because of this,she vows to avenge Hippolytus death, and also tells him that he willnot be forgotten by future generations of Greeks, that his name willlive on in glory. Interestingly, Hippolytus wis able to forgive his father eventhough his father caused his death. That should not be surprising,because he realizes that his father was fooled by the gods, and being anirrational human, could not really be expected to know he was beingtricked. Also, Artemis does not blame Theseus for the death of his son:It is natural for men to err when they are blinded by gods. (1433-1434) The most important thing that the ending shows is thatsometimes the gods do care what happens to the humans. It also showshow easily the power of the gods, particularly that of Poseidon, couldbe misused because Theseus gets what he prays for, the death of his son,but it is not really what he wanted. .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c , .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c .postImageUrl , .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c , .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c:hover , .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c:visited , .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c:active { border:0!important; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c:active , .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u678063f7eff4a77bd971488fe793126c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Robert Boyle and Chemistry EssayTwo major themes are present in Hippolytus: revenge and forgiveness. Almost the entire plot of the play is based on revenge. There is therevenge between gods and humans, and humans and humans. Initially, wehave Aphrodite wanting revenge on Hippolytus for worshipping Artemis andnot her, which of course sets in motion the actions of the play. Thenwe have the revenge of Theseus against Hippolytus, when he believes thathis son raped his wife and killed her. This does not end up as revenge,however, as Theseus eventually suffers as a result of his sons death. One final form of revenge comes at the end of the play, when Artemisvows to avenge the de ath of Hippolytus by interfering with a human lovedby Aphrodite. It is all a vicious cycle of revenge. This same storycould very easily happen again if Artemis does avenge his death. Also,forgiveness is an important theme. Even though his father isresponsible for his death, Hippolytus is nevertheless able to forgivehim. This comes from the realization that his father had been deceivedby the gods. In the end, this proves once again that the Greeks were atthe mercy of their gods and that they had to try to live their life thebest they could in spite of that fact.

Injury In World War I Example

Injury In World War I Example Injury In World War I – Coursework Example Disability in World War I due: Introduction The results of the First World War broughtthe world new technology where new weapons were used such as machine guns, and there was an improvement in the technology used in medical practices. It was the first kind of war that was ever experienced in Europe. By 1918, about 400,000 war veterans’ soldiers were reported to have been injured during the war. Soldiers with disabilities were given heroic state support with a push for fatherhood and also marriage. By offering veterans jobs, it would give them independence and allow them to earn a living. The endeavor of Briton veterans to regain self-worth, physical abilities, and masculinity was becoming a problem. Some of them had disgusting physical appearances, and others had disfigured faces for the society to accept them fully. About 60,500 soldiers had eye and head injuries, and 41,000 soldiers had amputated limbs (Gerke, 2014).In this presentation, I learned that the new technology and improved medical know-how enabled many veterans to regain self-worth, and physical appearance become well. Those who lost jaws, noses and eyes were replaced with other and looked as better like the original self. The use of prosthetic limbs was used to hide the injuries and disabilities of soldiers injured in the war helped them regain physical abilities to work again. Even though the soldiers had life-like masks of facial disfigurement, it was a reminder to the society the consequences of the World War I. Such work of improved medical technology was displayed in the Ladd’s portrait in Paris of the benefactor patients. Patriotism was displayed by the Britons using the disability of a veteran soldier and refused to use disability when it reminded them of the consequences of that war (Gerke, 2014).ReferenceGerke, B. (2014). Injury in World War I. Retrieved February 21, 2015, fromhttps://prezi.com/esfejbcmxe/injury-in-world-war-i/

The Wade-Davis Bill and Reconstruction

The Wade-Davis Bill and Reconstruction At the end of the American Civil War, Abraham Lincoln wanted to bring the Confederate states back into the Union as amicably as possible. In fact, he did not even officially recognize them as having seceded from the Union. According to his Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction, any Confederate would be pardoned if they swore allegiance to the Constitution and the union except for high-ranking civil and military leaders or those who committed war crimes. In addition, after 10 percent of voters in a Confederate state took the oath and agreed to abolish slavery, the state could elect new congressional representatives and they would be recognized as legitimate. Wade-Davis Bill Opposes Lincoln's Plan The Wade-Davis Bill was the Radical Republicans answer to Lincolns Reconstruction plan. It was written by Senator Benjamin Wade and Representative Henry Winter Davis. They felt that Lincolns plan was not strict enough against those who seceded from the Union. In fact, the intention of the Wade-Davis Bill was more to punish than to bring the states back into the fold.   The key provisions of the Wade-Davis Bill were the following:   Lincoln would be required to appoint a provisional governor for each state. This governor would be responsible for implementing measures set out by Congress to reconstruct and state government.  Fifty-percent of the states voters would be required to swear loyalty to the Constitution and the Union before they could even begin creating a new Constitution through the state Constitutional Convention. Only then would they be able to begin the process to be officially be readmitted to the Union.  While Lincoln believed that only the military and civilian officials of the Confederacy should not be pardoned, the Wade-Davis Bill stated that not only those officials but also anyone who has voluntarily borne arms against the United States should be denied the right to vote in any election.  Slavery would be abolished and methods would be created to protect the liberty of freedmen.   Lincoln's Pocket Veto The Wade-Davis Bill easily passed both houses of Congress in 1864. It was sent to Lincoln for his signature on July 4, 1864. He chose to use a pocket veto with the bill. In effect, the Constitution gives the president 10 days to review a measure passed by Congress. If they have not signed the bill after this time, it becomes law without his signature. However, if Congress adjourns during the 10-day period, the bill does not become law. Because of the fact that Congress had adjourned, Lincolns pocket veto effectively killed the bill. This infuriated Congress. For his part, President Lincoln stated that he would allow the Southern states to pick which plan they wanted to use as they rejoined the Union. Obviously, his plan was much more forgiving and widely supported.  Both Senator Davis and Representative Wade issued a statement in the New York Tribune in August 1864 that accused Lincoln of attempting to secure his future by ensuring that southern voters and electors would support him. In addition, they stated that his use of the pocket veto was akin to take away the power that should rightfully belong to Congress. This letter is now known as the Wade-Davis Manifesto.   Radical Republicans Win in the End Sadly, despite Lincolns victory, he would not live long enough to see Reconstruction proceed in the Southern states. Andrew Johnson would take over after Lincolns assassination. He felt that the South needed to be punished more than Lincolns plan would allow. He appointed provisional governors and offered amnesty to those who took an oath of allegiance. He stated that states had to abolish slavery and acknowledge seceding was wrong. However, many Southern States ignored his requests. The Radical Republicans were finally able to get traction and passed a number of amendments and laws to protect the newly freed slaves and force the Southern states to comply with necessary changes.

Discussion Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 94

Discussion - Assignment Example In the case of the call center, measuring the performance of the employees in terms of the received calls is erroneous. The goal and mission of the organization is to offer quality services to its customers in ensuring customers are satisfied. It follows that satisfaction cannot be measured by the number of calls received as the customer care attendant has to ensure a customer is satisfied before receiving the next call. Moreover, basing performance on the number of calls will tempt the attendants to offer wrong information to the clients before verifying the authenticity of the given responses, which would lead to customer dissatisfaction. Alternative performance measures would include counting the number of feedbacks from clients and their level of satisfaction based on every customer care. Moreover, the company may reward and acknowledge customer care attendants with the best customer relations skills. Lastly, organizations may consider the effectiveness of each call center attendant based on how best they link the service men to clients and the follow-up to determine whether the client is satisfied. The best way to gather performance data would be to request clients to give feedback anytime they are served, indicating the persons who served them. In addition, the organization may keep records of all cases handled by each employee and then determine high performing employee by the number of cases solved to customer satisfaction within a given time

The shift from specific social science subjects to current Essay

The shift from specific social science subjects to current multidisciplinary approaches - Essay Example The changes this is creating leads into a different set of definitions of what it means to receive a specific education while having the correct approaches to learning within the classroom. Exploring the understanding of movement from social studies and sciences into multidisciplinary approaches to learning within the classroom also conveys a deeper understanding of how education can work from a variety of perspectives and in terms of the necessary components of teaching, education and how learning can be enhanced by using a variety of approaches. However, a variety of perspectives and studies all relate to different factors which change the understanding and outcome of social sciences and learning with multidisciplinary approaches. The traditional approach to teaching the social sciences is based on offering historical facts and figures while moving through highlighted events within history. This particular approach in the curriculum is one which is now being recognized as ineffective. While the historical facts and figures are developed with student retention, there is often little to no association with the facts and figures to the current events. This is combined with the lack of understanding of how the particular historical events affect those who are a citizen of a particular country. The ideology of multidisciplinary learning challenges the concept of traditional learning to an expanded curriculum. The ideology is to create a personal relationship to the materials while expanding the awareness of students with the material that is being learned. Multidisciplinary ideologies consist of everything from adding in personal and social relationships to the material to combining the curriculum with other format s of teaching, such as other topics or literature. The initiative which is taken is based on a re-examination of the materials which are being taught and what this means to students when they are beginning to understand the philosophies of social studies and the importance which this holds (Clark, 2008). Citizenship Education The first approach which is now considered with multidisciplinary education and social studies is citizenship education. There are many which are showing that the concept of history is not only to learn about historical facts and figures. There is also a direct correlation between the approach with citizenship to a country and the way in which one’s perspective alters toward the country. If there is not the ability to understand the historical factors within a country, then one cannot become a responsible citizen while having different opinions, social responsibilities and political actions which are taken. By changing the curriculum to incorporate socia l responsibility and citizenship, there is also the ability to begin altering the way in which social and cultural movements occur in terms of political terms and conditions. Changing the approaches to teaching so it correlates with meaning behind being a citizen is one which is then able to develop a different alternative in terms of educational development as well as the relationship which one holds to the historical ideologies which are taking place through current events. There are a variety of factors which show that social studies are not only linked to the main topic and sets of facts but also to other multidisciplinary approaches. The first is with the understanding of citizenship and what it means to be a part of a nation. The concept of being a citizen within a nation becomes an important term. It links directly to the understanding of the country, relationships to different historical facts and the responsibility which one takes in turn of being a citizen. However, this c annot be

Pediatric Healthcare Disparities Essay Example for Free

Pediatric Healthcare Disparities Essay Disparities in healthcare of children are complex problem that is associated with the disparities that exist in healthcare systems. These inequalities in the access to health care include the following factors: race and ethnicity, insurance status, education, English language proficiency, and poverty(Sobo, 2006). The aforementioned factors affect access to healthcare and the quality of service received. The racial disparities in pediatric healthcare are a tremendously pervasive depressing problem. Instead of those who most need the healthcare receiving it, they are given less priority hence these services did not reach them(Lieu, 2003). Among the most important gauges of soundness of health in children is being able to acquire healthcare services that are of high quality. Children’s health needs appropriate and apt use of medical services like physical examinations, laboratory test for diseases, and immunizations. These services are deprived to the children of the socioeconomic minority. Healthcare disparities observed pertains to less access to healthcare services and acquisition of low quality health care services by people whom are poor, of racial and ethnic minority, limited English proficiency, and low educational attainment. Children that belong to the racial and ethnic minorities receive an inferior quality of healthcare. Not only are there a small number of children in the minority class suffering from this type of problem but millions of them(Beal, 2004). Mortality in infants in Black communities is doubled when compared to the mortalities of infants of the White communities. Even this maternal and societal health’s most significant gauge confirms that the existence of racial and ethnic disparities is true. In United States, the people of color at present have a bleak healthcare condition. Approximately 20 percent Black and 30 percent Hispanic Americans do not have consistent source of medical care compared to less than 16 percent of the White Americans. There is a three-fold increase to the numbers of Hispanic children that do not have access to healthcare when compared to children that are not Hispanic Americans(AHRQ 2000). These alarming data poses a threat to the state of health especially of children that belongs to this people that belongs to the racial and ethnic minorities. Studies which were done for the determination of the factors involved in the disparities of pediatric healthcare are of significance in identification of populations involved in these dilemma. In a study done by Hambinge et al, it was found that in well-child visits (WCVs) the black and Latino children were given less counseling(Hambidge, 2007). Racial minorities in United States such as the Latino and Black children are the main population that suffers from these inconsistencies in the provision of healthcare. Scott (2004) indicated in the conclusion of their study that Hispanic or Latino children has increased risk of having no access to healthcare services in the last 15 years. Hispanic or Latino is defined in the study as individuals that came from countries in Central America, North America, Caribbean, and Europe. The absence of access to healthcare services was found to be greater in Hispanic/ Latino children with low economic status, whose parents have no college degree, and born in other countries or not born in United States. The race which is most predispose to lack of access healthcare are children of Mexicans due to their poverty status or low educational achievements(Scott 2004). The study of Flores (2005) found an association in children’s health and healthcare to Limited English Proficiency (LEP) of their parents. This factor has a significant impact as a barrier for the acquisition of healthcare in children. The research also indicated that parental LEP has a direct association to the possibility that children in need of medical care can not be brought to healthcare providers. Racial and ethnic healthcare disparity is proven through this study because the bulk of the children that participated in the study were of racial and ethnic minority groups, 82 percent Latino, 2 percent Caribbean black, 10 percent African American, 2 percent non-Latino white, 1 percent African, 0. 3 percent Asian, and 1 percent combination of other races. Large portion of this participating population can not speak English very well. Thus, the ability to speak English fluently of children and their parents will determine their chance of receiving appropriate healthcare services(Flores, 2005). The continuing presence of racism in the healthcare sector of the society is found to be related to the underrepresentation of minority racial and ethnic groups in professions of the medical industry. Generally speaking people that are poor are predominantly people of color such as the Blacks and Hispanics. Poverty does not allow them to be with the education needed to work in healthcare industry so they are underrepresented in this profession. Study results prove that people of color in the medical profession tend to provide more healthcare services to those people which are also of color. The possibility of providing healthcare services to the poor portion of the population is also proven to be attributed to those medical professionals that are people of color. This underrepresentation explains why the racial and ethnic minority receive less healthcare services(ERASE ). Even though it is said that in professional fields the race of an individual hardly matters it is rarely true. The complexity of the factors that are involve in the disparities of healthcare in general should not hinder in the search and implementation of solutions that will alleviate the disparities suffered by the people of racial and ethnic minority, low educational attainment, limited English proficiency, and economically challenged. It is the responsibility of healthcare providers to serve the public with equality to promote the health status of the whole population instead of only those that belong to the elite portion of the population. The present ways of addressing the disparities in healthcare is focused not only on the professionals that will provide the services but also to the public consumers of these services. The goal is centered towards providing equal chance of receiving quality healthcare services. One of these strategies is the establishment of guidelines that will help medical practitioners handle, diagnose, and treat with professional competence the health cases of the people that belong to socioeconomic minority. Another strategy is helping the patients and their families pursue healthcare of high quality thru assessment of healthcare services provided by the healthcare recipient or client. Publications are written in various languages to facilitate understanding of the contents by those people that are with Limited English Proficiency. Booklets or pamphlets are also produces to help parents assess if their children were provided with health services of high quality. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is also finding ways to develop enhanced strategies for quality improvement of healthcare services. Their initiative is focused on eliminating healthcare racial and ethnic disparities, supporting of the healthcare providers that supply services to communities of the minority people, and conducting seminars or trainings on how to address healthcare disparities(AHRQ 2000). The existence of racism can not be denied even though the society has already learned to accept that people are of diverse cultures and beliefs. Various organizations have been established to stop the disparities in healthcare of children and promote equality in the acquisition of these services. Despite the research and strategies that are implemented to counteract the increasing numbers of children having no access to good quality healthcare especially those of the minority racial and ethnic origin, the problem is still present along its complexities. Though it’s a cliche â€Å"children are the future of every nation† thus it is only prompt that actions should be undertaken to promote holistic growth of their well being. Eradication of these disparities in pediatric healthcare will ensure that tomorrow’s generation will have a better health.